控制的极限

“当我来到无法渡过的河流，我感到再也没人能指导我如何前进了——兰波” 看贾木许的《控制的极限》。

一部西班牙风光片+伪犯罪+伪悬疑+伪情色片，你把它当作任何一种类型片来看都会觉得索然无味。

我不想谈让人头大的隐喻有多深刻，使命与剧情一样毫无意义，只有那些闲扯才是生命的本质，那些音乐、电影、科学、波西米亚、致幻剂……

《破碎之花》真的是当年的一个惊喜，不过当时没觉得，只是认为吉姆·贾木许 Jim Jarmusch也可以那样行为。

《控制的极限》的他重返套路，仍旧那些老东西：反戏剧化的叙事，慢调的节奏，碎片式的结构，对静物嗜命样表现，静止般的表演，除了杜可风加入了少量自己的风格镜头，一切都还是老贾的东西。

另外挺喜欢影片中电音吉他的运用，好像任何形式的音乐都能通过一种形式作用于他的作品。

如果你是他的追崇者，不会令你太失望，即便你是第一次看他的作品。

但与那些杰作相比，只能说维持基本水准。

好像他的每次转变都会获得更广大支持，第一次走回头路手不受待见还得静观。

“The Limits of Control”这个名字其实挺玄妙，我个人觉得更多是贾木许松弛而无力的表达。

就如同他自己说过：“有人像希区柯克，不容外务干扰故事进行，每个镜头都预作计划。

但他自己就说拍片无聊死了，因为早知道自己要什么。

我反其道而行，我控制不了的东西会变成电影的一部分。

” 主演科特迪瓦裔演员伊萨赫·德·班克尔 Isaach De Bankolé第四次与贾木许合作。

每当在与人相处时遇到麻烦，不知如何处理，我就会翻出贾木许的电影来重温一下，学习他是怎样待人接物的。

因为看贾木许的电影，总能为我开拓出更多人际交往的可能，比如：你我彼此讨厌，却不耽误我们成为朋友；你我谁都不理解谁，但我们可以祝福彼此；我对你如此之好，但如果你不接受我的好意，甚至你恨我我也觉得OK……“人们到底有哪些交往的模式？

我可不可以开拓出更多？

”我觉得这就是贾木许的人生课题。

下面会选取他的几部代表作品来加以说明。

《不法之徒》《不法之徒》，它刺激的片名下其实是个温情的故事。

Zack和Jack两个倒霉鬼因为遭人陷害在同一天被关进了同一间牢房，他们性格不合，互相看不顺眼，却也无可奈何地一同经历了越狱、互帮互助、最后各自走入新生活的重要时光。

在影片最后，Zack和Jack在岔道口分手，他们直到这一刻还在互黑彼此的穿着，连一个简单的握手都做不到，但Zack和Jack是朋友吗？

当然！

虽然是那个一回想起来就让你骂脏话的朋友。

我讨厌你，你不喜欢我，我们却有缘分一起度过人生重要的时光，也不耽误我们成为朋友，说的就是这两人。

分叉路口的Zack和Jack《地球之夜》五名散落在世界各地的出租车司机，在这一晚都载到了一位与自己格格不入的乘客。

选角导演自认为所有女孩儿都希望当上大明星，女孩儿却拒绝了她的好意，说自己只想当个修车师傅；潮流男孩儿遇到刚进城的乡巴佬，他们年龄不同、文化不同、语言还不通，但都给到对方片刻温暖；黑人小伙儿好奇地向盲人姑娘问东问西，并无意冒犯却使得姑娘反感。

他见姑娘补妆为姑娘开灯，被姑娘认为多此一举，他为姑娘减少路费，原本49的车钱只收40，被姑娘认作是一种怜悯。

好像在这一晚小伙子做什么说什么都是错的，但这又有何妨，告别时他还是诚心诚意地叮嘱姑娘要注意安全；飞车党司机搭载上一位患心脏病的神父，他崇拜神父，很认真地一定要在车里向神父告解，神父却吃不消他的车技，最终昏死在了车里；醉鬼和出租车司机一开始剑拔弩张，谁也不理解谁，却在诉说完各自悲惨的人生经历后和解了。

我实在搞不懂你在想什么，你当然也可以搞不懂我。

你我谁都不理解谁，但我们至少可以彼此祝福。

这就是《地球之夜》五个小故事的共同主题。

总也对不上号的黑人小伙儿和盲人姑娘《破碎之花》这个故事讲的是年老的花花公子因突发事件不得不去拜访他年轻时的风流对象们。

这些女人有的对他余情未了、有的对他心怀恨意、有的对他若即若离，有的对他高冷疏离，但无论她们变成怎样，男主这一趟怀旧之旅再也给不了他当初的感觉，旧时光的美好滤镜被一一打碎。

贾木许的这部电影之所以叫《破碎之花》，一个角度的破碎是美人不再，旧梦难以重温，但我觉得还有另一个角度的破碎是男主本人的破碎，就是说当男主寻找这些旧爱时，虽然夹杂私心，但态度是真诚无恶意的，可他的这份真诚无恶意并没被旧爱们看见，旧爱们对男主的态度大多是冷漠无情的，更有甚者大打出手。

所以《破碎之花》讲的不再是温情故事，它主打一个真心被错待。

我对你如此真诚，但如果你不愿接受，甚至你还会恨我，我也无可奈何。

男人的善意被女人误解成恶意，这种无奈不止一次出现在贾木许的电影里，《破碎之花》算是对这一情节最全面、正式的梳理。

破碎的是迟暮的情人们，也是男主自己贾木许还有一部很不温情的电影，这部片子的主题甚至都不是真心被错待，而是——我欣赏你，我爱你，但这并不耽误我杀死你。

它就是《唯爱永生》。

《唯爱永生》《唯爱永生》全片用了99%的内容来用力讲述了两个吸血鬼对人类文明的热爱。

贾木许对音乐、阅读、建筑的好品味，也被尽数体现在了这部电影里。

但让人意想不到的是到了电影结尾处，这两个高阶文艺吸血鬼，他们比人类本身还更热爱人类的精神，在本能驱动下不堪一击，饥肠辘辘的两只毫不犹豫就把利爪伸向了他们最钟爱的人类，也是很讽刺了。

老贾的音乐品味真的绝所以总体看来，贾木许拓展出了多少种人际交往的模式呢？

我讨厌你，但也可以和你成为朋友；我爱你，但也不耽误我把你杀了；我不理解你，但我愿意祝福你；我对你有感情，但你可以不喜欢，也可以不接受。

我看贾木许的电影，觉得他一直在教我松弛。

有一个声音会告诉我说，与人交往的奥义就是允许对方做任何事，他做任何事都不要觉得奇怪，因为他是人不是神。

一旦你给对方设限了，就是你在尝试控制人性，人性怎么可能被控制？

一个尝试控制自己的人性和别人的人性的人，他是交不到真朋友的。

我觉得这和我之前接受的教育很不一样，哪里不一样呢？

顺序不一样。

贾木许先允许我做人，我做人做得不错，心境就越来越宽容，最后宽容到有点接近神。

而之前我被教育的都是不能做人，必须抑制自己的人性去成为神。

“滴水之恩当涌泉相报”、“厚往薄来”、“孔融让梨”、“君子之交淡如水”，在我们的体系里存在着各种能让你迅速成神的“咒语”。

但现在我会去想，这样硬凹成的拥有神的外壳的神，都没允许自我成长就速成为神的神，他们是真神吗？

最后，贾木许的《控制的极限》可以看一看，这是他“人际关系多样性”这条逻辑线上的里程碑。

故事还是那个故事——人遇见人，但人也不再是人，男主遇见的每个人都代表一种灵性的思考，他们分别是音乐、电影、科学、舞蹈、建筑、性爱……，男主，这个把自己控制到极限的异常紧绷的人，在与这些灵性思考相处的过程中，渐渐学会松弛，终于放下了对自我控制。

贾木许真的教会了我怎样处理人际关系，怎样放下对错，放下控制，当我被允许做一个人，我周围的人也可以安心去做人，我们就都松弛下来了。

而是还没玩够。

整个电影很简单，讲的就是艺术与现实的对抗。

在最后艺术居然如此轻巧地战胜了现实，既不符合实际，也显得过于乐观。

略显做作的是，贾木许过于死板地让每个与主角见面的线人在见到主角之后都要说一段与艺术有关的话，这些段落一两次尚可，越到后面越感觉别扭，有没话找话的感觉。

不禁让人疑问，贾木许凭什么认为在这样的情境下将话题猛地转换到艺术并开始自说自话是很自然的呢？

当然，也许他就是为了做得不自然。

然而，主角观看弹吉他跳舞唱歌的桥段仍然值得回味。

而在最后，主角在与现实的角力中获胜之后，再回到艺术馆，这才可以真正悠闲地观看一幅白布做成的艺术品。

这样的场景虽然过于乐观，但也确实让人欣慰。

《控制的极限》拍摄于更严肃神秘的《离魂异客》之后，更轻快的《鬼狗杀手》《丧尸未逝》之前，是贾木许伪类型风格转变时期的中期作品，而这部的气质似乎与其孤独、无归属感、无意义旅行的主题完美的契合与现实主义的《天堂陌影》相比，《控制》更有种浓烈的超现实之感，杀手的人物像是一个狂想文艺逼在无聊旅行中为消磨时间的幻想（孩子们，这就是我）：喝咖啡时想象一个有独特气质的女人和他共事，旅店独自发呆时想象极性感的裸体美女躺在身边，火车上等待漫长旅途结束时想象一个神秘女人给他装着任务的火柴盒。

火柴盒，想象似乎总是就地取材且无连贯性：无连贯性同天堂陌影产生共鸣。

就地取材的想象与控制的“极限”，“物极必反”“失控的幻想”相印证，最后杀手大义凛然的杀死了某个恶人，杀手也为自己的旅行画上了圆满的句号，但孤独和疏离在这本应爽快的情节中似乎变得更深刻，更剧烈贾木许的一大魅力在于，不论他以什么形式拍电影、拍什么类型的电影都会让孤独、疏离的情绪占主导。

一个“万变不离其中”的导演，一个纯粹的导演我习惯从匠心和才气两个角度来评价一个导演，他的匠心是略逊于奉俊昊的，但常态的才气是不输于拍《奏鸣曲》时的北野武的。

想了想为何突然痴迷贾木许。

因为他总站在一个足以鄙视全世界的高度，拍自己喜欢的东西；全世界说晦涩高深甚至艰酸虚无，他笑笑，无知的人群。

我喜欢他忽略大多数是白痴的观众，用任性对待自己的电影。

在他的电影面前，我觉得自己简直还在读幼稚园。

《控制的极限》，是杜可风作摄影的，而这部戏本身，有很多会出现在商业片的大牌演员，唯独Isaach De Bankolé依旧面瘫着耍着帅。

贾木许的众多电影，有许多著名的空镜头，而在杜可风的镜头下，每一个地方的景色和建筑的美都被极致地放大。

而电影本身主旨？

确实很虚无。

其实这电影是一首诗。

骨架是Two espressos, in separate cups.You don’t speak Spanish, right?两杯特浓，分开两个杯子。

你不会说西班牙语吧？

你喜欢音乐吗？

我相信音乐，每一个木制的乐器，有它们的记忆，即使静止时都会产生共鸣的音符。

红火柴盒，绿火柴盒。

两杯特浓，分开两个杯子。

你不会说西班牙语吧？

你喜欢电影吗？

我相信老电影，好的老电影，能令你知道数十年前的人怎样抽一支雪茄。

绿火柴盒，红火柴盒。

两杯特浓，分开两个杯子。

你不会说西班牙语吧？

你喜欢科学吗？

我相信分子学。

每个人都是可转化的分子，在狂喜中旋转。

红火柴盒，绿火柴盒。

两杯特浓，分开两个杯子。

你不会说西班牙语吧？

你喜欢艺术吗？

我相信艺术。

波西米亚风格该是一种固有的艺术形式，而不是大街上随处可见的披肩。

红火柴盒，绿火柴盒。

两杯特浓，分开两个杯子。

你不会说西班牙语吧？

你喜欢幻觉吗？

我相信幻觉。

眼光所能触及的只是物体表面被带颜色的玻璃覆盖的一层，幻觉有时候来得更真实。

人生，不断相遇，不断吸收。

很多不同的意见，会连绵不绝地走进你逐梦的过程中。

你吸收也好不听也罢，别人或许只是想找个人唠唠叨，并没有谁在乎你接受与否。

如贾木许的电影，总有个人平静地一直说一直说，说导演想说的话，他才不会在乎荧幕前的你是否赏识。

光影，颜料，分子，致幻，或者一直是导演钟爱的，而在现实生活中不断有人叫他放弃。

天啊，老贾，你何必活得像个苦行僧，捉住个跳蚤都想到盘古去？

然后导演说，为什么你们做人可以如此单细胞？

胡思乱想，是艺术家的通病吧。

毕竟不是谁都可以找个黑人面瘫叔叔耍太极的。

禅得高深莫测。

I like very old films, you can really see what the world looked like, thirty, fifty, a hundred years ago. You know the clothes, the telephones, the trains, the way people smoked cigarettes. The little details of life. The best films are like dreams, you’re never sure you’ve really had.It’s like a game. Deception，glamour，a shootout with shattered mirrors.这是让我感动得一塌糊涂的台词。

天知道，我身边很多朋友一直劝我不要太代入电影，我一直把他们当做不了解我的蠢货。

有些东西，不是我逃避生活的理由，却是我热爱生活的源头。

很喜欢工藤夕贵。

« TRIBECA '09 PODCAST: Damien Chazelle | Main | TRIBECA '09 REVIEWS: Here and There, Seven Minutes in Heaven »May 1, 2009http://daily.greencine.com/archives/007443.html#moreFILM OF THE WEEK (AND INTERVIEW): The Limits of ControlJim Jarmusch, THE LIMITS OF CONTROL Who knew that a Jim Jarmusch film could be the most divisive of the year thus far? I'm not ready to address The Limits of Control and all the knee-jerk, unconstructive naysayings I've read that don't actually engage with what the film is or how it does (or doesn't) work, at least until I see it a second time, since I was too mesmerized by the experience to take many notes. In lieu of that, I present to you the extended version of an interview I did with Jarmusch for IFC.com, the first part of which can be found here.GREENCINE DAILY: Wong Kar-Wai once told me that when working with cinematographer Christopher Doyle, they share a largely unspoken, instinctual shorthand with one another. Was your relationship with Doyle similar?JIM JARMUSCH: We were more the opposite, man. We talked and talked and talked incessantly. When I was preparing, he would come to New York for a week and a half at a time, maybe three times. We spent every day together for eight hours, just talking about the film, not about the film, about things we saw on the street, about photographs Chris had taken, looking at unrelated things, and listening to music. I've known Chris quite a long time, 12 or 15 years. I love just talking to him about anything. He's very quick, so sometimes he'll say things to me, philosophical things we're discussing that I don't understand what his point is, and then a few days later when I'm not with him, I'll be thinking it over and be like, "Oh! I see what he meant." I don't know if I'm just slow, or if his ideas are hard to enter sometimes.Isaach De Bankolé, THE LIMITS OF CONTROL Speaking of music, I'm a big Boris fan, who is all over the soundtrack. I read that you had already planned to fill the film with this conceptual Japanese noise-rock while still sketching it out. What's your process of matching image to music?When I'm writing or trying to think up an idea for a film, I hone in on music that seems to open up my imagination for that particular world in my head. That happens very early over and over, like Neil Young for Dead Man, or [for Ghost Dog,] RZA's beats and instrumental tracks on the B-sides of vinyl Wu-Tang stuff I was collecting. Or Mulatu Astatge in Broken Flowers was inspiring me, and I was like, "How the hell do I get Ethiopian music in a film about a guy in the suburbs?" So then it led me to have Jeffrey Wright's character be of Ethiopian origin. In this case, it was Boris and Sunn 0))), and that electric feedback-y soundscape stuff they make that I love so much. Those things came very early, while I was even just writing the 25-page treatment—well, it was more like a prose short story that we started from. So they were sort of in a little boat I was in, going down the river. I had them inspiring me. Then I got Earth in the movie and a lot of great stuff. I love the Black Angels, but I only used a little instrumental piece at the end of their song, "You on the Run." Anyway, those things were there very early, but the music always leads me. That's always happened.Tilda Swinton, on the set of THE LIMITS OF CONTROLI stay abreast of new music by geeking out on music blogs, but how do you find all this cool music? Do you still go to a lot of record stores, or do friends keep you tuned in to new artists?I'm not a Web guy because I don't have a computer, although I often ask people to look stuff up for me. I don't know, it's sort of a general antenna because I love music. You know, there are music stores that in the past I depended on a lot, like Final Vinyl, that used to be great to order things anywhere in the world that were in print, or what's his name, that little shop on Bowery just south of 8th street. Damn, I love that guy. He's always been really cool. There's Other Music, and in New Paltz, there's Rhino Records that is really run unlike any kind of Rhino chain—the guy there, Rick, is amazing. Those record stores are important, but they've been less so for me recently, maybe because I haven't stopped in very much. I always read the British music press, and I try to listen to what underground radio exists, or college-type radio. I'm just always scanning, and I've always been that way, like, music, music, music. I love to get playlists off of [Jersey City's] WFMU or WVKR in Poughkeepsie—Vassar has a good radio station. WFUV has a good morning show in New York, and there's some underground hip-hop shows on WKCR, the Columbia station. There's the beautiful Sunday morning country shows that I listen to, classic country.I love radio, and I love finding things randomly. Like, I don't have TiVO for TV because I keep thinking, "Well, then I'll just program everything and I won't scan," and scanning is when you find things you weren't expecting. Not that TV isn't, for the most part, a big wasteland of garbage. But you do learn things if you scan around, more than if you have a programmed idea of what you're going to watch. I don't watch that much TV. I watch Turner Classic Movies, science shows and Antiques Roadshow, you know this one? I love Antiques Roadshow. I have this thing I always imagine. Okay, they think suddenly, they have some vase and it's worth $8,000, you know? I always equate it to: what kind of a used car could they buy with it? [Jarmusch makes a sad horn noise] "You can buy a 1986 Honda Civic!" I don't know why I do that... I'm going off in stupid places.Bill Murray, surrogate Dick Cheney No, I appreciate it. Now, I know why Bill Murray is so great in your films, but what's so great about working with him? In the press notes for this film, you mentioned that you two liked to "talk around the character."Yeah, we like to talk about it in the past. What's really fascinating about Bill is that, since I've known him, his procedure is always evolving. When I first worked with him in Coffee and Cigarettes, he wanted to pretty much improvise everything, and he didn't want to talk about it or rehearse it. Then with Broken Flowers, no rehearsing, no specifics, but we would take long, long walks for hours at a time, and talk about things that eventually affected our idea of that character. I thought he would improvise a lot, and he said, "I want to stick close to the script." Then in this film, he said, "I want to rehearse, and I want to do the dialogue as written. I don't want to add anything." So that was even a different step. He's just an interesting work in progress. I'm always a little surprised, like, "How does he want to approach it this time?"That's fun, and I learn a lot from Bill about a lot of things, especially human nature. His capacity to observe and feel what people are feeling, even strangers, is uncanny. I've seen him numerous times run out of his way to help somebody try to get something out of the trunk of their car, or help with their luggage at the airport, or in a restaurant, talk to someone he doesn't even know that looks sort of down. He'll go over and respond to that: "Hey, the world hasn't ended yet, what's going on?" Amazing. He's really observant with compassion, so I love to just hang out with Bill and see how he's going to react to what we encounter in the world. I learn more from that, maybe, than anything specifically about acting, preparing or filmmaking, because it's all intertwined in the end. I really liked having him play somebody with not an ounce of humor this time, which might be frustrating for people's expectations. I don't know, that's not my problem. I choose the actors I want for the best collaboration to create something, and I really liked him being nasty and condescending. Every fucking school principal or authority figure I've ever had in my life has always, at some point, said, "You just don't understand how the world really works." Hearing Bill's character say those lines for me, I don't know. I certainly heard that a lot in my life.The Limits of Control opens today in New York and Los Angeles, then expands to more cities beginning May 8. For more information, visit the official website.

The sound track of this one is fucking genius. Handmade,hand-picked in another sense, it's just natural. Though the pictures are filmed beautifully, each still image makes a pretty painting when takes out, they are just not comfortable to look at, not even closer in the way that music drew you in.At the same time, sound tracks didn't drive you crazy, not at all beyond it's role-- it didnt make the happening overwhelming. Fuck, cheers to whomever made it, good job!Btw, honey you are the closest person in my mind that could make this kind of thing, why don't you quit yr job and do this?

杀个人真的需要拍俩小时吗？

作为吉姆贾木许的脑残粉这部片子我都有些吃不消。

这大概是最另类的一部杀手电影了。

与其说电影的意义是杀死比尔莫瑞不如说是让杀手先生领略人生的真谛。

最后是想象力杀死了生活本身，生活的傲慢和狭隘、无趣和乏味。

就像村上春树在小说里写过的人类最大的敌人是想象力枯竭。

在电影晦涩不明的情节里代表着生活中一切美好事情的人物那些美女被除掉，性、电影、科学、艺术...这些生活中真正美好的东西。

另一方面，这也是贾导在讲自己电影的技巧，控制的极限也正在于电影所展现的缓慢，就像最后那空白的纸条和被白布罩起来的画作，生活本无意义，这部电影大部分确实是在浪费时间，用浪费时间来告诉我们其中的玄妙，充满想象力的杰作。

电影的张力并不仅限于华丽的镜头和紧凑的情节，这样出奇的缓慢就像太极一样。

杀手先生对着镜头打太极，导演和我们打太极，雇主和杀手打太极，生活和每个人打太极...而这借力打力的功夫令人回味无穷，妙！

加之杜可风的摄影，嚯，贾导也过了回王家卫的瘾吧。

尽管从细枝末节可以琢磨出大鼻孔硬线条男的杀手身份，甚至能够理解他为虾米那么沉默那么经得起诱惑（好吧，从金发眼镜骚货出现以后，我就一直在等，期待了近一个小时的H画面啊啊啊啊），也能看懂他在练太极（tmd，画面重复出现了三次，我才大胆地猜测那是太极，不是神马该死的非洲健身操），总而言之，这人物严肃严谨谨慎不苟言笑，喜欢音乐和辣妹，喜欢imagination/yy。

tmd，我就是不能理解为什么非得拍的这样沉闷，给点h会死啊。